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It is assumed from the historical data that the entire area of Sunamganj district belonged to the ancient kingdom of Kamrup or Pragojatishpur. Sunamganj is named after a Mughal soldier Sunamuddi. The first subdivision of Sylhet District was established at Sunamganj in January 1877. On March 1, 1984, Sunamganj was promoted to district. Currently, Sunamganj district is an administrative region of Sylhet division in the northeastern part of Bangladesh. Sunamganj district is to the north of Meghalaya in India, Sylhet district to the east, Habiganj district to the south, Netrakona district and Kishoreganj district to the west. Sunamganj district consists of 12 Upazilas, 12 Police Stations, 4 Municipalities, 88 Unions, 1535 Mauzas and 2887 Villages. The population of this district is estimated to be seven million people. Manipuri, Khasia, Hajong, Garo etc. tribal people live in this district.
Before being elevated to Sunamganj District, Sub-Divisional Munsifi Court and later Sub-Judge Court were in operation. Then District Judge Court was established on 15/01/1985 AD. At present there are two Additional District and Sessions Judge Courts, two Joint District and Sessions Judge Courts and a total of ten Senior Assistant Judge/Assistant Judge Courts in this district. Some of these courts are being operated in the two-storied District and Sessions Judge Court Building and some courts are being operated in the ten-story Chief Judicial Magistrate Court Building. After the establishment of a separate women and child abuse prevention tribunal in 2014, a judge of the rank of District Judge is managing the said Tribunal. At present the proceedings of the Tribunal are being conducted in the Chief Judicial Magistrate Court Building. The Land Survey Tribunal started its journey on 26/08/2013 AD. At present the proceedings of the Tribunal are being conducted in the Chief Judicial Magistrate Court Building.
Chief Judicial Magistrate Court, Sunamganj was established on 1st November, 2007 AD. The district has one Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate Court, four Senior Judicial Magistrate Courts and five Judicial Magistrate Courts. Senior Judicial Magistrate Court, Dharmapasha is the only Chowki Court in this District. Since the inauguration of the ten-storied building of the Chief Judicial Magistrate Court, Sunamganj on November 14, 2023 A.D., all levels of Judicial Magistrate Courts are being conducted in the said building.
Legal Aid Office provides free legal services, dispute resolution and legal advice to the needy, poor and helpless people of Sunamganj. At present the office functions are being conducted in the Chief Judicial Magistrate Court Building.